Basal joint arthritis, commonly known as thumb arthritis, affects the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint at the base of the thumb. This joint enables a wide range of thumb movements essential for gripping, pinching, and grasping. Over time, the cartilage cushioning the ends of the bones in this joint can deteriorate, leading to osteoarthritis. As the cartilage wears away, bones may rub directly against each other, causing pain, swelling, and reduced motion. This condition is particularly prevalent among women over 40, though it can affect anyone. Factors such as joint overuse, previous injuries, or genetic predisposition can increase the risk of developing basal joint arthritis.

For individuals engaged in sports or activities requiring strong grip and dexterity, basal joint arthritis can be particularly debilitating. The pain and stiffness associated with this condition can hinder performance in sports like tennis, golf, or rock climbing, where thumb strength and flexibility are crucial. Even routine tasks, such as opening jars, turning doorknobs, or writing, can become challenging. Early symptoms might include discomfort during or after use of the thumb, a decrease in grip strength, or noticeable swelling at the base of the thumb. As the condition progresses, a bony prominence may develop over the joint, and the thumb may gradually shift out of its normal position, further limiting function. Recognizing these signs early and seeking appropriate treatment can help manage symptoms and maintain an active lifestyle.

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